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Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Osteosarcoma

Thomas Karadimas1, Thien Huong Huynh1, Chloe Chose1

  • 1Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.

Viruses
|July 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viral therapy (OVT) shows promise for treating aggressive osteosarcoma (OS) by using viruses to destroy cancer cells and boost immunity. Further research is needed to overcome challenges for clinical application.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Primary bone malignancies like osteosarcoma (OS) are rare and aggressive.
  • Current treatments (surgery, chemotherapy) are ineffective for metastatic or recurrent OS.
  • Oncolytic viral therapy (OVT) offers a novel approach using viruses to target cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of OVT as a treatment for osteosarcoma.
  • To discuss the mechanisms, efficacy, and challenges of OVT in OS.
  • To highlight future research directions for OVT in OS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on oncolytic viruses (OVs) for OS.
  • Analysis of various OVs, including adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, and measles virus.
  • Exploration of combination therapies involving OVT, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • OVs demonstrate efficacy in preclinical OS models by selectively lysing cancer cells.
  • OVT can induce an immune response against remaining OS cells.
  • Combination therapies may enhance treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • OVT is a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.
  • Challenges in preclinical model reliability, safety, delivery, and immune response require further investigation.
  • Refining delivery methods, exploring combinations, and conducting clinical trials are crucial for OVT's clinical success in OS.
Keywords:
oncolytic viral therapyoncolytic virusesosteosarcoma

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