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Related Concept Videos

Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that every...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
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SARS-CoV-2-Vaccine-Related Endocrine Disorders: An Updated Narrative Review.

Avraham Ishay1,2, Kira Oleinikov1, Elena Chertok Shacham1,2

  • 1Endocrinology Unit, HaEmek Medical Center, Yitzhak Rabin Av. 21, Afula 18101, Israel.

Vaccines
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 vaccines may cause endocrine system side effects, most commonly thyroid disorders. Further research is needed to confirm the causal link and understand the mechanisms of these potential vaccine adverse events.

Keywords:
COVID-19COVID-19 vaccinesSARS-CoV-2 vaccineadrenaldiabetesendocrine adverse eventsgonadspituitarythyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic spurred rapid vaccine development globally.
  • While generally safe, vaccines can present rare adverse events, including endocrine system impacts.
  • Understanding these potential endocrine effects is crucial for vaccine safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on adverse endocrine events post-COVID-19 vaccination.
  • To explore the pathogenesis of endocrine disorders linked to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
  • To consolidate data on thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, diabetes, and gonadal events.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a narrative review of literature.
  • Searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar databases.
  • Included English-language case reports, series, original studies, and reviews up to August 31, 2023.

Main Results:

  • Accumulating data suggests potential endocrine adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination.
  • Thyroid disorders represent the most frequently reported endocrine side effect.
  • Data on pituitary, adrenal, diabetes, and gonadal events were also reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • The causal relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and endocrine disorders requires further investigation.
  • Current evidence is insufficient to establish a definitive causal link.
  • Additional studies are necessary to elucidate the precise pathogenesis mechanisms.