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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Bulimia Nervosa

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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Hypodermis01:02

Hypodermis

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The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
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Obesity.

Tyler Fuller1, Zakary Newberry1, Munima Nasir1

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.

Primary Care
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity is a common and complex disease in the US, affecting individuals aged 6 and older. Early screening and a comprehensive treatment plan involving lifestyle changes, medication, or surgery are essential for managing this condition.

Keywords:
BMIBariatric surgeryDietExerciseObesity

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Obesity is a prevalent, multifactorial chronic disease in the United States.
  • Body mass index is a common metric for obesity classification.
  • Screening for obesity is recommended for individuals aged 6 years and older.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the current recommendations for obesity screening and evaluation.
  • To describe the multidisciplinary approach to obesity treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes guidelines from the US Preventive Services Task Force.
  • Includes comprehensive patient history and physical examination.
  • Involves laboratory tests such as hemoglobin A1c, comprehensive metabolic panel, lipid panel, and thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Main Results:

  • Screening identifies individuals with obesity.
  • Evaluation confirms diagnosis and identifies comorbidities.
  • Treatment plans are tailored to individual patient needs.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity requires a multifaceted management strategy.
  • Treatment integrates nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral therapy.
  • Pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery are options for appropriate candidates.