Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Cycle01:29

Cardiac Cycle

4.8K
The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
During the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart is regulated entirely by changing pressure gradients. This sequence of events begins with the heart in a state of total relaxation, known as mid-to-late diastole, during which blood passively flows from...
4.8K
Estimation of the Physical Quantities01:05

Estimation of the Physical Quantities

4.2K
On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...
4.2K
Properties of Laplace Transform-II01:16

Properties of Laplace Transform-II

184
Time differentiation, convolution, integration, and periodicity are fundamental concepts in analyzing functions and signals over time. Each concept provides a unique perspective on how functions evolve, interact, and repeat, offering essential tools for various scientific and engineering applications.
Time differentiation involves analyzing the rate of change of a function over time. Mathematically, it is the derivative of a function with respect to time. This concept can be likened to tracking...
184
Discrete-Time Fourier Series01:20

Discrete-Time Fourier Series

241
The Discrete-Time Fourier Series (DTFS) is a fundamental concept in signal processing, serving as the discrete-time counterpart to the continuous-time Fourier series. It allows for the representation and analysis of discrete-time periodic signals in terms of their frequency components. Unlike its continuous counterpart, which utilizes integrals, the calculation of DTFS expansion coefficients involves summations due to the discrete nature of the signal.
For a discrete-time periodic signal x[n]...
241
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

3.9K
The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Within-System Agreement Between Real-Time and Post-Processed Data Using Dynamix from League Optical Tracking (Hawk-Eye) in Professional Football.

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Comparison of External Load Demands Across Three Competitive Tiers in Spanish Football: A Three-Season Single-Club Study.

Journal of strength and conditioning research·2026
Same authorSame journal

Seasonal Associations Between Isometric Strength and Dynamic Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players.

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2026
Same author

Return-to-play criteria for hamstring injuries in elite European football: a survey of current practice.

Research in sports medicine (Print)·2026
Same author

The Power of Consensus Statements in Exercise Science: A New Article Type in IJSPP.

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2026
Same author

Framework and Consensus Statement for the Implementation of Sided Game Training in Football (Soccer).

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

7.9K

Three-, Four-, and Five-Day Microcycles: The Normality in Professional Football.

Antonio Gualtieri1,2, Jordi Vicens-Bordas3,4, Ermanno Rampinini5,6

  • 1Sport Science and R&D Department, Juventus Football Club, Turin, Italy.

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|July 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Shorter microcycles in professional football training influence load management, with coaches reducing muscle impact. Daily training load decreases as match day approaches, regardless of microcycle length.

Keywords:
GPScongested fixturemonitoringsoccerteam sports

More Related Videos

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data
06:14

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

6.4K
Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
12:54

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

17.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

7.9K
In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data
06:14

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

6.4K
Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
12:54

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

17.4K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Football Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Understanding training load in professional football is crucial for optimizing performance and preventing injuries.
  • Microcycle length, referring to the period between matches, can significantly impact player workload.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify training and match-day (MD) load across different microcycle lengths (3-, 4-, and 5-day) in professional adult football.
  • To analyze how microcycle duration affects training load on the days preceding (MD - 1) and following (MD + 1) a match.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring external and internal loads of 20 professional male football players throughout a season.
  • Quantifying training exposure, total distance, high-speed running, sprint distance (SD), distance covered above 80% max velocity (D > 80%), accelerations, decelerations, and perceived exertion.

Main Results:

  • Microcycle length significantly impacted high-speed running distance, SD, D > 80%, accelerations, and decelerations.
  • An interaction effect between training day and microcycle type was observed for SD, D > 80%, accelerations, and decelerations.

Conclusions:

  • Coaches appear to adjust training, reducing muscle impact during shorter microcycles.
  • Daily training load is progressively reduced as match day approaches, irrespective of the microcycle's length.