Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
Published on: July 12, 2024
Outdoor Air Pollution and Pediatric Respiratory Disease
1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
None:
Outdoor air pollution is ubiquitous, and no safe level of exposure has been identified for the most common air pollutants such as ozone and particle pollution. Children are uniquely more susceptible to the harms of outdoor air pollution, which can cause and exacerbate respiratory disease. Although challenging to identify the effects of outdoor air pollution on individual patients, understanding the basics of outdoor air pollution is essential for pediatric respiratory health care providers. This review covers basic information regarding outdoor air pollution, unique considerations for children, mechanisms for increased susceptibility, and association with incident and exacerbation of respiratory disease in children.
Related Concept Videos
Asthma-I: Introduction
Other Pulmonary Disorders
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
Common Respiratory Disorders
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation

