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Complications and Mortality After Surgery in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based

Chien-Chang Liao1,2,3,4,5, Chih-Chung Liu1,2,3, Yuan-Wen Lee1,2,3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|July 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face significantly higher risks of postoperative complications, including infections and stroke, and increased mortality. Pre-operative optimization of hemoglobin and potassium levels is crucial for improving outcomes in CKD surgical patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Surgical Outcomes Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects surgical patient populations.
  • Understanding CKD's impact on postoperative outcomes is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate postoperative complications and mortality in surgical patients with CKD.
  • To identify specific risks associated with CKD in the perioperative setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 31,950 surgical patients (2009-2017) in Taiwan.
  • Propensity score-matching to compare CKD and non-CKD groups.
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine odds ratios (ORs) for outcomes.

Main Results:

  • CKD patients had a 5.49-fold increased risk of in-hospital mortality.
  • Increased risks observed for postoperative septicemia (OR 5.90), pneumonia (OR 5.39), cellulitis (OR 4.42), and stroke (OR 2.21).

Conclusions:

  • CKD significantly increases the risk of postoperative stroke, infections, and mortality.
  • Optimizing hemoglobin and potassium levels pre-surgery is vital for CKD patients.
  • Developing preventive strategies is essential to improve clinical outcomes for surgical patients with CKD.
Abstract

Keywords:
complicationsdental scalinghospitalizationmortalitystroke

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