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Role of Hippocampus in Memory

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Horizontal Hippocampal Slices of the Mouse Brain

Horizontal Hippocampal Slices of the Mouse Brain

Published on: September 22, 2020

Transformation of spatial representations along hippocampal circuits.

Bérénice Gandit^1,2, Lorenzo Posani³, Chun-Lei Zhang¹

¹Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France.

|July 29, 2024

Summary

Researchers studied how the brain

Keywords:

Behavioral neuroscience Neuroscience Sensory neuroscience

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Preparation of Acute Slices from Dorsal Hippocampus for Whole-Cell Recording and Neuronal Reconstruction in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Mice

Preparation of Acute Slices from Dorsal Hippocampus for Whole-Cell Recording and Neuronal Reconstruction in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Mice

Published on: April 3, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

The hippocampus constructs cognitive maps using spatial information.
Understanding how spatial variables are processed is key to mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the transformation of spatial variables (direction, position, distance) in the hippocampus.
To elucidate the neural circuits underlying cognitive map assembly.

Main Methods:

Single-photon widefield microendoscope calcium imaging in mice.
Analysis of neural activity in the dentate gyrus and CA3 regions.
Mice navigated a narrow corridor during imaging.

Main Results:

Spatial activity maps in the dentate gyrus correlated with running direction, indicating egocentric distance coding.
Egocentric distance coding was less prevalent in the CA3 region.
Both dentate gyrus and CA3 showed spatial representations anchored in egocentric and allocentric coordinates.

Conclusions:

The dentate gyrus plays a significant role in coding egocentric distance.
Differential coding of spatial information in the dentate gyrus and CA3 contributes to cognitive map formation.