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Related Concept Videos

Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

639
Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
639
Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

Stress-Strain Diagram

627
A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This...
627
True Stress and True Strain01:28

True Stress and True Strain

286
Engineering stress is calculated as the load divided by the original, undeformed cross-sectional area. It approximates a material under load. This approximation is especially relevant post-yield in ductile materials. Though engineering stress-strain diagrams are often used for their convenience and accessibility, they can sometimes fall short in accuracy, particularly when dealing with large strain values.
In contrast, true stress offers a more precise portrayal. It is computed by dividing the...
286
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

209
Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
209
Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

Stress: General Loading Conditions

305
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
305
Transformation of Plane Strain01:12

Transformation of Plane Strain

159
When analyzing elongated structures like bars subjected to uniformly distributed loads, it is essential to understand the transformation of plane strain when coordinate axes are rotated. This transformation helps to assess how material deformation characteristics vary with orientation, which is crucial in materials science and structural engineering.
Under plane strain conditions, typical for members where one dimension significantly exceeds the others, deformations and resultant strains are...
159

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Model reduction of genome-scale metabolic models as a basis for targeted kinetic models.

Metabolic engineering·2021
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CFSA: Comparative flux sampling analysis as a guide for strain design.

R P van Rosmalen1, S Moreno-Paz1, Z E Duman-Özdamar1

  • 1Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Stippeneng 4 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.

Metabolic Engineering Communications
|July 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparative Flux Sampling Analysis (CFSA) is a new method for designing microbial cell factories. It identifies genetic targets for improved production by comparing metabolic models, aiding step-wise implementation and validation.

Keywords:
Flux samplingGenome scale metabolic modellingMetabolic engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Genome-scale metabolic models are crucial for microbial cell factory design.
  • Existing strain design algorithms often yield complex, hard-to-validate target lists.
  • There is a need for robust methods to identify actionable genetic targets for improved microbial production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present Comparative Flux Sampling Analysis (CFSA), a novel strain design method.
  • To enable the identification of specific genetic interventions for enhanced microbial phenotypes.
  • To facilitate the step-wise design and validation of microbial cell factories.

Main Methods:

  • CFSA compares complete metabolic spaces for maximal growth and production phenotypes.
  • Statistical analysis identifies reactions with altered flux.
  • Targets for genetic interventions (up-regulation, down-regulation, deletion) are suggested.

Main Results:

  • CFSA was applied to lipid production in *Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus* and naringenin production in *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*.
  • Identified engineering targets align with previous studies and propose novel interventions.
  • The method successfully pinpointed genetic targets for improved production.

Conclusions:

  • CFSA is an easy-to-use and robust method for metabolic engineering.
  • It provides actionable targets for growth-uncoupled production.
  • CFSA can significantly advance the design of microbial cell factories.