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Related Concept Videos

Birth Control Methods01:22

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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
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Initiating male contraception methods.

Frederick C W Wu1, Kirk Lo2

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Andrology
|July 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New non-surgical male contraceptives should be accessible to healthy men aged 18-50. Preliminary assessments focus on medical history, not physical exams, with baseline vitals recorded for monitoring.

Keywords:
Hormone male contraceptionVasectomycontraception

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine
  • Urology
  • Contraception research

Background:

  • Reversible non-surgical male contraception methods are emerging.
  • Existing male sterilization (vasectomy) has well-defined risks and benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline recommendations for the clinical application of non-surgical male contraceptive methods.
  • To define preliminary workup requirements and patient counseling for male contraception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines for male contraception.
  • Analysis of risk factors associated with hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive approaches.
  • Consideration of patient selection criteria and monitoring protocols.

Main Results:

  • Non-surgical male contraceptives should be available to men aged 18-50 in good health, irrespective of semen parameters.
  • Preliminary workup requires a thorough personal and family history to identify potential risks, particularly those related to testosterone replacement.
  • Baseline recording of body weight, blood pressure, and hemoglobin is recommended for future monitoring.
  • Vasectomy requires nuanced patient counseling and assessment for optimal outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The introduction of non-surgical male contraceptives necessitates clear guidelines for accessibility and patient selection.
  • A comprehensive medical history is crucial for assessing risks associated with male contraceptive methods.
  • Standardized baseline measurements and counseling are essential for safe and effective male contraception, including vasectomy.