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Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics
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Slow convergence: Career impediments to interdisciplinary biomedical research.

Enrico Berkes1, Monica Marion2, Staša Milojević2

  • 1Department of Economics, The University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

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National Science Foundation interdisciplinary graduate training awards from 1996 to 2026.

Scientific data·2026
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Shifting research focus comes with the risk of reduced impact.

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Unsupervised embedding of trajectories captures the latent structure of scientific migration.

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Determinants of Disparities in Early COVID-19 Job Losses.

Demography·2022

Interdisciplinary research is impactful but hinders early careers, causing researchers to publish less and reduce collaboration over time. This trend limits the growth of interdisciplinary science despite its societal benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Sciences
  • Sociology of Science

Background:

  • Interdisciplinary research is encouraged for addressing complex societal challenges.
  • Despite this, scientific fields remain largely disciplinary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reasons behind the slow adoption of interdisciplinary research.
  • To analyze the career trajectories and impact of interdisciplinary researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of publication data for 154,021 biomedical PhD recipients (1970-2013).
  • Measurement of research interdisciplinarity based on the disciplinary composition of article references.

Main Results:

  • Interdisciplinary research is impactful but presents early career challenges.
Keywords:
interdisciplinarityresearch careersresearch workforce

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  • Highly interdisciplinary researchers have shorter publishing careers (8 years vs. 20+ years).
  • Initially interdisciplinary researchers tend to decrease their interdisciplinarity over time, potentially due to career impediments.

    • Conclusions:

    • Early career impediments for interdisciplinary scientists reduce the pool of experienced researchers.
    • This leads to new graduates being less interdisciplinary than active researchers.
    • Despite these challenges, overall interdisciplinarity increases as disciplinary researchers become more interdisciplinary over their careers.