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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

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Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

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Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

332
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
332
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

413
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

624
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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Vitamin D on Cardiac Function in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 10 RCTs.

Xuemeng Chen1, Wenli Zhao2, Yan Zhao1

  • 1Department of Public Health, International College, Krirk University, 10220 Bangkok, Thailand.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|July 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D supplementation does not appear to benefit patients with heart failure (HF). This systematic review found no significant improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction, diameter, or B-type natriuretic peptide levels.

Keywords:
cardiac functionheart failuremeta-analysisrandomized controlled trialvitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is common in HF patients.
  • The role of vitamin D supplementation in HF management remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients with heart failure.
  • To analyze the impact of vitamin D on key cardiac function and biomarker indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, etc.) up to March 2023.
  • Inclusion of ten studies involving 1099 patients.
  • Analysis of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were observed in LVEF, LVEDD, BNP, or 25(OH)D levels between vitamin D supplemented groups and control groups.
  • Mean difference for LVEF was 0.74 (p=0.41), LVEDD was -0.59 (p=0.25), BNP was -0.08 (p=0.34), and 25(OH)D was 0.41 (p=0.25).
  • No significant heterogeneity was detected for LVEF, LVEDD, and BNP results.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D supplementation does not demonstrate clinical benefit in the management of heart failure patients.
  • Current evidence suggests vitamin D supplementation is not a recommended therapeutic strategy for improving cardiac outcomes in HF.
  • Further research may be needed to explore potential specific subpopulations or alternative roles for vitamin D in cardiovascular health.