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Cardiovascular disease in the equine neonate
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|April 1, 1985
Summary
Cardiac disease is uncommon in newborn foals. Congenital heart defects, especially ventricular septal defects, are the most frequent primary cardiac issue in foals, while other diseases can cause secondary cardiac problems.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Cardiology
- Equine Neonatal Health
Background:
- Cardiac disease is rare in newborn foals.
- Heart murmurs in foals are common but usually transient, resolving within 4 days.
- Congenital cardiac defects represent the primary cardiac pathology in foals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the occurrence and types of cardiac disease in equine neonates.
- To highlight the significance of persistent murmurs and common congenital defects.
- To discuss secondary cardiac involvement in other neonatal foal diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of equine neonatal cardiology.
- Analysis of reported cases of cardiac disease in foals.
- Synthesis of information on congenital and secondary cardiac conditions.
Main Results:
- Congenital cardiac defects are the most common primary cardiac disease in foals.
- Ventricular septal defects are the most frequently observed congenital cardiac anomaly.
- Conditions like ruptured bladders, white muscle disease, respiratory distress syndrome, and septicemia can lead to secondary cardiac issues.
Conclusions:
- Primary cardiac disease in equine neonates is infrequent.
- Persistent murmurs beyond 4 days warrant further investigation for congenital defects.
- Awareness of secondary cardiac involvement is crucial for managing other neonatal foal diseases.