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Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Takotsubo Syndrome

Ling Zhou1, Zijun Chen2, Riyue Jiang3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|July 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic is linked to Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), a cardiac condition. This review explores the causes, symptoms, and treatments for TTS during the COVID-19 era.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to significant cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction.
  • Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), a form of cardiac dysfunction, has been increasingly observed in COVID-19 patients, particularly in intensive care settings.
  • Over 119 cases of COVID-19 associated TTS have been reported since April 2020, highlighting a growing clinical concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of TTS in the context of COVID-19.
  • To provide an overview of clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for COVID-19 related TTS.
  • To synthesize existing knowledge and guide clinical practice during the ongoing pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published case reports and observational studies.
  • Analysis of the role of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the viral receptor.
  • Synthesis of information on clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients exhibit cardiovascular complications, with TTS being a notable diagnosis.
  • The interaction between SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 receptors in the heart, and the development of TTS is under investigation.
  • Current understanding of COVID-19 related TTS is based on case reports and limited studies, with a lack of randomized trials.

Conclusions:

  • TTS is a recognized complication of COVID-19, requiring careful monitoring and management.
  • Further research, including randomized studies, is essential to elucidate the precise mechanisms and optimize treatment for COVID-19 related TTS.
  • Clinical practice should adapt to incorporate current evidence for diagnosing and managing TTS in patients with COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19Takotsubo syndromediagnosispathogenesistreatment

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