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Calf pneumonia.

D G Bryson

    The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Infectious calf pneumonia, often fatal in young dairy cattle, is caused by viruses like bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza type 3 virus (PI-3). Poor housing and secondary infections worsen lung damage, necessitating early diagnosis and control strategies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Animal Virology
    • Animal Husbandry

    Background:

    • Infectious calf pneumonia causes high mortality in housed dairy calves.
    • Viral infections, including bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza type 3 virus (PI-3), are primary causes of severe lung damage.
    • Secondary mycoplasmal and bacterial infections exacerbate viral pneumonia, with poor ventilation increasing outbreak severity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the etiology, diagnosis, and control of infectious calf pneumonia.
    • To highlight the role of viral pathogens and contributing factors in calf respiratory disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of infectious calf pneumonia.
    • Analysis of viral agents, housing conditions, and diagnostic approaches.

    Main Results:

    • Viral infections, particularly RSV and PI-3, are key etiologic agents.
    • Secondary bacterial and mycoplasmal infections significantly worsen pneumonia.
    • Poor housing and ventilation are critical factors in disease severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective control requires understanding viral causes, secondary invaders, and environmental factors.
    • Early diagnosis through specimen submission and paired sera is crucial.
    • Therapeutic and prophylactic strategies are essential for managing calf pneumonia outbreaks.

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