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Related Experiment Videos

Malabsorption due to selected oral antibiotics.

K N Mero, R E Rollin, R W Phillips

    The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Oral antibiotics, commonly used for neonatal calf diarrhea, can cause malabsorption. High doses of neomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and ampicillin directly harm the intestinal lining, leading to diarrhea in calves.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Animal Science
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Neonatal calf diarrhea is a significant health concern.
    • Oral antibiotics are frequently administered to manage neonatal diarrhea.
    • The impact of oral antibiotics on the neonatal intestinal mucosa is often overlooked.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of commonly used oral antibiotics on neonatal calves.
    • To determine if oral antibiotic administration can induce malabsorption.
    • To identify the mechanisms by which oral antibiotics affect the neonatal intestinal mucosa.

    Main Methods:

    • Research overview of studies on antibiotic-induced malabsorption in calves.
    • Analysis of data collected over three years.
    • Controlled administration of high levels of four oral antibiotics (neomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin) to normal calves.

    Main Results:

    • High levels of neomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and ampicillin caused malabsorption diarrhea in normal calves.
    • The induced diarrhea resulted from direct modification of the intestinal mucosa, not viral agents or resistant microbes.
    • The neonatal intestinal mucosa is sensitive to the detrimental effects of oral antimicrobial therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral antibiotic administration, particularly at high doses or for prolonged periods, can lead to malabsorption diarrhea in neonatal calves.
    • The mechanism involves direct damage to the intestinal mucosa.
    • Veterinarians and stockmen should exercise caution regarding the dosage and duration of oral antibiotic use in neonatal calves.

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