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Aortic valve thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome: a case report
Shogo Taira1, Morikuni Nishihira2, Kageyuki Oba3
1Department of Nephrology, Yuuai Medical Center, 50-5 Yone, Tomigushuku City, Okinawa, 901-0224, Japan. ststarara9@gmail.com.
Journal of Nephrology
|July 30, 2024
Summary
This case study highlights a rare instance of aortic valve thrombosis in a patient with nephrotic syndrome. Prompt surgical intervention was crucial for survival, emphasizing the link between nephrotic syndrome and thrombus formation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia.
- Aortic valve thrombosis is a rare condition, often associated with hypercoagulable states or cardiac abnormalities.
- This case explores the unusual presentation of aortic valve thrombosis secondary to nephrotic syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of aortic valve thrombosis in a patient with nephrotic syndrome.
- To investigate the potential link between nephrotic syndrome and the formation of aortic valve thrombi.
- To discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing this rare condition.
Main Methods:
- Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup of a 55-year-old male patient.
- Diagnostic imaging including contrast-enhanced CT scan and transesophageal echocardiography.
- Surgical intervention for thrombus removal and renal biopsy for diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.
Main Results:
- A large aortic valve thrombus was identified, nearly occluding the left coronary artery.
- Emergency surgery successfully removed the thrombus, with a stable postoperative course.
- Renal biopsy confirmed minimal change disease, and prednisolone treatment induced remission of nephrotic syndrome.
Conclusions:
- Nephrotic syndrome was identified as the primary contributor to aortic valve thrombosis in this patient.
- Aortic valve thrombosis associated with nephrotic syndrome is a rare but life-threatening condition.
- Early recognition and management are critical for favorable outcomes in such cases.
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