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Gaze Scanning on Mid-Block Sidewalks by Pedestrians With Homonymous Hemianopia With or Without Spatial Neglect.

Shrinivas Pundlik1, Matteo Tomasi1, Kevin E Houston1

  • 1Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|July 30, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pedestrians with homonymous hemianopia (HH) show increased gaze scanning towards their blind side while walking. Spatial neglect (SN) impairs this compensatory gaze behavior, suggesting a top-down process is involved.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • Homonymous hemianopia (HH) is a visual field defect resulting from brain injury.
  • Individuals with HH often experience difficulties navigating environments due to impaired visual processing.
  • Understanding gaze behavior in HH is crucial for developing effective rehabilitation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gaze-scanning patterns in pedestrians with homonymous hemianopia (HH) while walking.
  • To compare gaze behavior between individuals with right HH (RHH), left HH (LHH), and LHH with spatial neglect (LHSN).
  • To analyze differences in gaze scanning during mid-block walking versus street crossing.

Main Methods:

  • Gaze tracking was employed on pedestrians with LHH, RHH, and LHSN during urban walking.
  • Gaze data were collected by combining head and eye movements.
  • Mixed-effects regression models analyzed horizontal gaze scan magnitudes and rates relative to the visual field defect.

Main Results:

  • Both LHH and RHH participants exhibited significantly higher gaze magnitudes and scanning rates towards their blind side compared to their seeing side.
  • LHSN participants did not show significant differences in gaze scanning between sides.
  • Gaze scanning rates and magnitudes were significantly lower during mid-block walking compared to street crossing across all groups.

Conclusions:

  • Compensatory gaze scanning in HH appears to be driven by a proactive, top-down mechanism.
  • The presence of spatial neglect (SN) negatively impacts this top-down gaze control process.
  • These findings highlight the complex visual and cognitive strategies employed by individuals with HH during mobility.