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Gut Microbial Changes Associated With Obesity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.
Heba M Ismail1, Dimuthu Perera2, Rabindra Mandal1
1Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|July 30, 2024
Summary
Obesity in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is linked to distinct gut microbiome and metabolite profiles. Obese T1D youth showed altered Prevotella/Bacteroides ratios and higher short-chain fatty acids, suggesting new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Microbiome research
- Metabolic disorders
- Pediatric endocrinology
Background:
- Obesity is common in type 1 diabetes (T1D), increasing complication risks.
- The gut microbiome's role in T1D obesity is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize gut microbiome and metabolite differences in lean versus obese youth with T1D.
- To test the hypothesis of significant microbial and metabolite variations based on body mass index (BMI) in T1D.
Main Methods:
- Pilot study analyzing stool samples from lean (n=27) and obese (n=21) T1D youth.
- Used metagenomic shotgun sequencing for microbial analysis and measured short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
Main Results:
- Significant differences in gut microbial community diversity (β-diversity) between BMI groups.
- Obese T1D youth had a higher Prevotella to Bacteroides ratio and increased Prevotella copri.
- Obese group showed upregulated branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) biosynthesis, while lean group had upregulated BCAA degradation and tyrosine metabolism.
- Higher SCFA levels were observed in obese T1D youth compared to lean.
Conclusions:
- Identified a specific gut microbiome and microbial metabolite signature associated with obesity in T1D.
- Findings may inform the development of microbiome-targeted therapies for managing obesity in T1D patients.
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