Hard X-ray Fourier transform holography at free electron lasers source

Area of Science:

• X-ray science
• Nanotechnology
• Holography

Background:

• Fourier transform holography (FTH) is a powerful imaging technique.
• Hard X-rays offer high penetration depth and resolution for probing materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the feasibility of hard X-ray Fourier transform holography.
• To explore its application in imaging nanostructures using a Free Electron Laser (FEL).

Main Methods:

• Utilized a Free Electron Laser (FEL) source for hard X-ray generation.
• Performed single and multi-pulse holographic reconstructions.
• Employed hard X-ray split-and-delay optics for advanced holographic recording.

Main Results:

• Successfully achieved holographic reconstructions of nanostructures.
• Observed beam-induced sample heating, which reduced reconstruction visibility.
• Demonstrated the capability of recording holograms with split-and-delay optics.

Conclusions:

• Hard X-ray FTH is feasible for nanostructure imaging.
• FELs are suitable sources for this technique.
• The method holds promise for studying ultrafast dynamics at atomic scales.