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Clinical Features of Children with COVID-19 in Initial Time of Pandemic

Takahiko Hayashi, Yayoi Murano, Yamato Muto

    Juntendo Iji Zasshi = Juntendo Medical Journal
    |July 31, 2024
    PubMed

    Insights

    Children with COVID-19 often show fewer symptoms like cough and fever compared to those without the virus. These common symptoms alone cannot reliably distinguish COVID-19 in children from other illnesses.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised questions about its impact on children.
    • While often presenting with milder symptoms, the specific clinical features of COVID-19 in pediatric populations require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with COVID-19 against those without the infection.
    • To identify differences in symptoms and patient demographics between pediatric COVID-19 cases and non-COVID-19 cases.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective study was conducted analyzing data from children tested for COVID-19 between March 25 and October 31, 2020.
    • Patients were categorized into three groups: confirmed COVID-19, close contact with COVID-19 and tested, and suspected COVID-19 but tested negative.
    • Clinical features and patient characteristics were extracted from medical records for comparative analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Out of 108 patients, 30 had COVID-19, 25 were close contacts, and 51 tested negative.
    • Children with COVID-19 exhibited fewer clinical symptoms, such as cough and fever, compared to children who tested negative.
    • Sensitivity analyses indicated that fever and cough, individually or combined, were not effective in differentiating pediatric COVID-19 cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric COVID-19 cases tend to present with less pronounced symptoms like fever or cough.
    • Clinical symptoms alone are insufficient to reliably distinguish COVID-19 in children from other pediatric diseases.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    COVID-19SARS-CoV-2childrencorona viruspandemic

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