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Circulating Angiogenic and Senescent T Lymphocytes in Ageing and Frailty.
1Michael Harrison, South East Technological University - Waterford Campus: South East Technological University, Ireland, michael.harrison@setu.ie.
The Journal of Frailty & Aging
|July 31, 2024
Summary
Senescent T cells (CD28null) increase with frailty and cognitive impairment, suggesting they are a potential intervention target. Angiogenic T cells (CD31+) may only be useful biomarkers in healthy aging populations.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and vascular health research.
- Immunosenescence and T cell subset analysis.
Background:
- Aging is linked to vascular disease, with specific T cell subsets influencing vascular health.
- CD31+ T cells (angiogenic) support vascular repair, while CD28null T cells (senescent) promote inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined effects of age and frailty on CD31+ and CD28null T cell subsets.
- To explore the relationship between these T cell subsets and cognitive function.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of four cohorts: young, older, robust non-frail, and frail adults.
- Frailty assessed using Fried Frailty method; T cell subsets analyzed by flow cytometry.
- Cognitive impairment measured using Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
Main Results:
- CD31+ T cells decreased with age but were paradoxically higher in frail individuals.
- CD28null T cells, particularly CD8+CD28null, were significantly elevated in frail individuals and those with moderate cognitive impairment.
- Elevated CD28null T cells correlated with frailty and cognitive decline.
Conclusions:
- CD8+CD28null T cells are elevated in frailty and cognitive impairment, indicating potential as therapeutic targets.
- CD31+ T cells may be limited as aging biomarkers, primarily relevant in healthy aging contexts.
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