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Fucoidan Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth Through Modulation of Different Cell Deaths.

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|July 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fucoidan (FUC) shows promise as an anticancer agent for prostate cancer, inhibiting tumor growth and enhancing docetaxel (DOC) treatment. FUC demonstrates anti-tumorigenic effects, particularly in preventive applications, suggesting its potential in prostate cancer therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Docetaxel (DOC) is a primary chemotherapy for advanced prostate cancer, but its limited survival benefits necessitate novel agents.
  • Fucoidan (FUC), a sulfated polysaccharide from brown algae, exhibits promising anticancer properties.
  • This study investigates the anti-tumorigenic and preventive effects of fucoidan, alone and in combination with docetaxel, in prostate cancer models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of fucoidan (FUC) as a standalone and combination therapy with docetaxel (DOC) for prostate cancer.
  • To analyze the impact of FUC and DOC on various cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy.
  • To assess the effects of FUC and DOC on oxidative stress markers and tumor growth in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo studies involved six groups of rats: control, FUC, DOC, FUC+DOC, preventive (Pt), and post-preventive DOC (Pt-D).
  • Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess cell death-related protein expression (apoptotic, necroptotic, autophagic markers).
  • Oxidative stress markers, including lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione (GSH), were measured in tumor tissues.

Main Results:

  • Fucoidan and docetaxel treatments significantly induced apoptotic, necroptotic, and autophagic cell death compared to controls.
  • Apoptotic cell death was most pronounced in fucoidan and combination-treated groups.
  • Fucoidan treatment reduced oxidative stress markers (MDA, GPX, GSH) and inhibited tumor growth, demonstrating anti-tumorigenic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Fucoidan effectively inhibits prostate cancer tumor growth, both temporally and dimensionally, especially when used preventively.
  • Fucoidan, alone and combined with docetaxel, exhibits significant anti-tumorigenic effects.
  • Fucoidan is a promising agent for prostate cancer therapy, potentially serving as a preventive or treatment agent alongside docetaxel.