Knowledge of Glaucoma Among New Patients to a Tertiary Eye Care Center in China

Patients with glaucoma who had previously been evaluated by eye care professionals at lower-level facilities possessed limited awareness and knowledge about their condition upon presentation to a tertiary-care ophthalmic hospital, highlighting the need for improved patient education throughout the healthcare system.

To investigate the depth of knowledge about glaucoma among patients who were referred to a tertiary eye hospital for their first visit.

An internally designed questionnaire (scored 0-15) assessing patients' knowledge about glaucoma was administered at a glaucoma outpatient service. Patients were divided into normal, high-risk, and glaucoma groups based on comprehensive eye evaluation. Scores were analyzed by regression models. The relationship between glaucoma awareness and the stage of disease at presentation was explored.

One hundred thirty patients were enrolled and divided into 3 groups. The group with definitive diagnosis of glaucoma had the most prior medical visits but scored the lowest, with the primary source of information being previous healthcare providers. The high-risk group possessed more knowledge about glaucoma than the other groups and tended to acquire knowledge from the media and sought tertiary care earlier. Significant differences were observed between the glaucoma and the high-risk groups in all aspects of glaucoma knowledge ( P < 0.05). In addition, the average scores of all participants who had visited lower-level facilities were low. Education, economic status, presence of risk factors for glaucoma positively correlated with awareness and knowledge, whereas age had an inverse relationship (all P < 0.05). Ophthalmic visit frequency had no impact ( P > 0.05). Doctors were the primary source of information for all groups, but social media users were better informed.

Patients at tertiary eye care centers lack glaucoma knowledge, despite experience with eye care providers previously. Implementing health education at all levels is crucial in preventing glaucoma-related visual impairment.