Scaffolds imparting anthelmintic activity: recent advancements and SAR studies

Area of Science:

• Medicinal Chemistry
• Parasitology
• Drug Discovery

Background:

• Helminthiasis is a major global health issue, particularly in areas with poor sanitation.
• Current treatments rely on anthelmintics, but resistance is a growing concern.
• No effective vaccines are available for helminth infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of various anthelmintic scaffolds.
• To identify promising compounds for overcoming anthelmintic resistance.
• To guide the design of novel, potent anthelmintic agents.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recently studied compounds (2019-present).
• Analysis of SAR for scaffolds including benzimidazoles, coumarins, pyrazolines, and triazoles.
• Focus on compounds exhibiting promising anthelmintic activity.

Main Results:

• Identified key structural features contributing to anthelmintic activity across different scaffolds.
• Highlighted novel derivatives of benzimidazoles, coumarins, and other heterocyclic systems.
• Emphasized the potential of these scaffolds in combating resistant helminth strains.

Conclusions:

• Understanding SAR is critical for developing next-generation anthelmintics.
• Novel compounds based on reviewed scaffolds show promise in overcoming resistance.
• This review provides valuable insights for researchers designing new anti-helminthic drugs.