A disproportionality analysis of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was used to mine and evaluate adverse events (AEs) associated with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors, thereby providing a reference for clinical rational drug use.

AE data related to CDK4/6 inhibitors from the first quarter of 2015 to the first quarter of 2023 were acquired from FAERS, while the signal mining was processed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) method.

The number of AE reports for CDK4/6 inhibitors was, respectively, 132,494 for palbociclib, 56,151 for ribociclib, and 7,014 for abemaciclib. The corresponding numbers of AE signals were 322,522, and 59, with the number of involved System Organ Class (SOC) being 23, 23, and 15, mainly involving blood and lymphatic system disorders, respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders, hepatobiliary disorders, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, etc.

CDK4/6 inhibitors could lead to pulmonary toxicity, myelosuppression, skin reactions, etc. Special attention should be paid to abemaciclib for interstitial lung disease (ILD), erythema multiforme, and thrombosis risk; ribociclib for cardiac toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and musculoskeletal toxicity; palbociclib for neurocognitive impairment and osteonecrosis of the jaw.