Osteoporosis Evaluation and Management in Spine Surgery

Area of Science:

• Orthopaedics
• Spine Surgery
• Bone Health

Background:

• Osteoporosis is a significant global health issue, impacting over 200 million people worldwide.
• It affects 54 million adults in the U.S., with half of postmenopausal women experiencing fractures.
• Osteoporosis management in spine surgery is critical due to high prevalence and complication risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review on the diagnosis, management, and treatment of osteoporosis in patients undergoing spinal surgery.
• To highlight new diagnostic tools and pharmacologic options for orthopaedic and spinal surgeons.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on recent advancements in osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment relevant to spinal surgery.
• Discussion of new pharmacologic agents and diagnostic modalities.

Main Results:

• Osteoporosis poses a substantial risk for spinal fractures and complications during surgery.
• Emerging treatments include anabolic medications.
• Hounsfield unit measurements on CT scans offer a new diagnostic tool.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of osteoporosis is crucial for patients undergoing spinal surgery.
• New diagnostic and therapeutic options are enhancing patient care.
• This review equips surgeons with current knowledge for optimal osteoporosis management in this population.