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Sex differences in body composition and shock attenuation during running.

Gauri A Desai1, Alexandra F DeJong Lempke2, Jaroslaw Harezlak3

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

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Sex differences in running shock attenuation are influenced by body composition. Accounting for body composition reveals greater shock absorption in females, impacting injury risk understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Physiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Running impact shock is absorbed by biological tissues.
  • Known sex differences in body composition may affect shock attenuation.
  • This can influence sex-specific running injury risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine sex differences in body composition during running.
  • To investigate sex differences in shock attenuation.
  • To understand the role of body composition in these differences.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen females and twenty-one males ran overground.
  • Inertial measurement units measured impact shock at the tibia and low-back.
  • Dual x-ray absorptiometry assessed body composition.

Main Results:

  • Body composition significantly differed between sexes.
  • Initially, sex was not significantly associated with shock attenuation.
  • After adjusting for body composition (lean and bone mass), females showed greater shock attenuation.

Conclusions:

  • Sex alone may not dictate running shock attenuation.
  • Body composition is a critical factor in understanding sex differences in shock attenuation.
  • This insight is crucial for assessing sex-specific tissue capacities and injury risks.