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Steady flow visualization in a rigid canine aortic cast.

R Rayman, R G Kratky, M R Roach

    Journal of Biomechanics
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study visualized blood flow in a canine aortic cast, revealing disturbed flow patterns and separation zones during simulated exercise. These findings correlate with areas prone to atherosclerosis, suggesting a link between aortic hemodynamics and lesion development.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Science
    • Hemodynamics
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Aortic blood flow patterns influence the development of atherosclerosis.
    • Understanding flow dynamics in major arteries is crucial for identifying disease risk factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To visualize and analyze steady flow patterns in a canine aortic cast.
    • To investigate the impact of simulated basal and exercising cardiovascular states on aortic hemodynamics.
    • To identify regions of disturbed flow and their correlation with potential sites of atherosclerotic lesions.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted steady flow studies using a transparent canine aortic cast from the aortic valve to beyond the renal arteries.
    • Visualized flow using dye streakline analysis.

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  • Simulated basal and exercising cardiovascular flow rates, calculating Reynolds numbers (900 and 1587, respectively).

    • Main Results:

    • Aortic core flow was laminar under basal conditions.
    • Disturbed flow and separation zones were observed in the upper descending aorta during simulated exercising conditions.
    • Separation zones occurred along the aortic arch's inner curvature and at the origins of the brachiocephalic, left subclavian, and coeliac arteries.
    • Occlusion of a renal artery induced a vortex associated with high shear regions.

    Conclusions:

    • Simulated exercising flow rates induce disturbed flow patterns in the canine aorta.
    • Identified flow separation zones correlate with known sites of atherosclerotic lesion formation.
    • The formation of vortices in specific arterial branches may contribute to localized high shear stress and lesion development.