Patella Fractures after Total Knee Arthroplasty

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• Periprosthetic patella fractures are a rare but severe complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
• Factors such as patient comorbidities, anatomy, and surgical technique increase the risk of these fractures.
• These injuries present significant treatment challenges due to impaired healing potential and can lead to lasting patient morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature on periprosthetic patella fractures.
• To outline recommended management strategies for these challenging fractures.
• To discuss the Ortiguera and Berry classification system for categorizing these injuries.

Main Methods:

• Review of current scientific literature on periprosthetic patella fractures.
• Analysis of fracture classification systems, specifically the Ortiguera and Berry system.
• Synthesis of recommended treatment and management approaches based on fracture type.

Main Results:

• Periprosthetic patella fractures are associated with poor outcomes and high complication rates, irrespective of fracture type.
• The Ortiguera and Berry classification system aids in categorizing fractures based on implant stability and extensor mechanism disruption.
• Management strategies are tailored to the specific fracture type, but overall success remains limited.

Conclusions:

• Periprosthetic patella fractures following TKA represent a significant clinical challenge with limited favorable outcomes.
• Effective management requires careful consideration of fracture classification and patient-specific factors.
• Further research may be needed to improve treatment efficacy and reduce morbidity associated with these fractures.