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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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A practical guide to serrated appendiceal lesions.

Domenika Ortiz Requena1, Rhonda K Yantiss1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
|July 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Distinguishing serrated appendiceal lesions is crucial for proper management. This review clarifies features of neoplastic and non-neoplastic proliferations, guiding diagnosis and treatment strategies for appendiceal serrated neoplasms.

Keywords:
AppendixMucosal hyperplasiaPolypSessile serrated adenoma

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Appendix exhibits various neoplastic and non-neoplastic proliferations with serrated architecture.
  • Diffuse mucosal hyperplasia, low-grade mucinous neoplasms, and serrated neoplasms are key entities.
  • Accurate distinction is vital due to differing management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical and pathological features of appendiceal lesions with epithelial serration.
  • To provide guidance in differentiating serrated neoplasms from mimics.
  • To aid in appropriate patient management and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of appendiceal lesions with serrated epithelial architecture.
  • Analysis of clinical and pathological characteristics.
  • Comparison of diagnostic criteria and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Diffuse mucosal hyperplasia is common, non-neoplastic, and requires no follow-up.
  • Mucosal-confined serrated neoplasms are treated with appendectomy.
  • Low-grade mucinous neoplasms and serrated adenocarcinoma have distinct prognoses and require different therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Correctly identifying serrated appendiceal lesions ensures appropriate treatment, from simple appendectomy to more aggressive therapies.
  • Understanding the nuances between hyperplasia, low-grade mucinous neoplasms, and serrated adenocarcinomas is critical for patient outcomes.
  • This review offers insights to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic decision-making for appendiceal serrations.