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Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
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Western diets and chronic diseases.

Timon E Adolph1, Herbert Tilg2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. timon-erik.adolph@i-med.ac.at.

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Summary

The Western diet, characterized by industrial and cultural shifts, is linked to increased noncommunicable diseases globally. This diet negatively impacts gut health, inflammation, and chronic conditions like obesity and cardiovascular disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Westernization encompasses industrial, cultural, and dietary shifts, correlating with rising noncommunicable diseases worldwide.
  • The Western-style diet is a significant factor in gut microbial imbalance, chronic inflammation, and diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, metabolism, and gut.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review modern dietary patterns and assess their health risks.
  • To summarize epidemiological, translational, and clinical evidence linking diet to disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of translational research.
  • Evaluation of clinical trial data.

Main Results:

  • The Western diet is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, gut and liver disorders, and solid tumors.
  • Evidence highlights the diet's detrimental effects on gut microbiota and systemic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent action by healthcare professionals and societies is needed to mitigate the adverse health impacts of the Western diet.
  • Sustainable changes in dietary patterns are crucial for improving future health outcomes and preventing chronic diseases.