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Unpleasant words can affect the detection of morphosyntactic errors: An ERP study on individual differences.

Lucia Vieitez¹, Isabel Padrón¹, Marcos Díaz-Lago²

¹Cognitive Processes & Behaviour Research Group, Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Institute of Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

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Summary

Individual brain profiles influence how grammar and emotion interact during language processing. Some individuals show early interaction, while others process these elements separately, highlighting the importance of neural differences.

Keywords:

LAN/N400 P600 gender agreement individual ifferences unpleasant words

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Area of Science:

Psycholinguistics
Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

Research on early agreement computation has explored its interaction with word emotionality.
Conflicting findings exist regarding interactive effects in the left anterior negativity (LAN) component.
Individual differences in neural patterns during grammatical processing are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if the interaction between grammaticality and emotionality depends on specific neural profiles.
To explore how individual neural differences affect the processing of grammatical agreement and emotional content.

Main Methods:

Sixty-one Spanish female native speakers performed a noun phrase agreement judgment task.
Stimuli included determiners, nouns, and adjectives varying in gender agreement and emotionality (unpleasant/neutral).
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to analyze neural responses.

Main Results:

Two distinct neural profiles emerged: negative dominance (larger LAN for ungrammatical stimuli) and positive dominance (larger P600 for ungrammatical stimuli).
The negative dominance group showed early grammaticality effects (around 200ms) with parallel processing of grammar and emotion (LAN/N400).
The positive dominance group exhibited an early interaction (around 200ms), with grammaticality effects only for unpleasant words.

Conclusions:

Individual differences significantly modulate the neural interplay between grammar and emotion.
The study supports distinct processing pathways based on neural profiles, affecting the timing and nature of interactions.
Future syntactic processing research should incorporate individual neural variability.