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Association between longest-held occupation and mortality risk.

Abay Asfaw1, Anasua Bhattacharya2

  • 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Economic Research and Support Office, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

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Longest-held occupation is linked to early mortality risk in older adults. Certain jobs, like machine operators and food preparation, show higher risks for both men and women.

Keywords:
HRS datacompeting‐risks analysisearly mortalitylongest‐held occupation

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Occupation significantly influences daily life, lifestyle, and social standing.
  • Research on the association between longest-held occupation (LHO) and early mortality is limited.
  • This study investigates the link between LHO and mortality risk in older US adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if longest-held occupation (LHO) is associated with increased mortality risk.
  • To identify specific occupations linked to higher mortality rates in older adults.
  • To provide evidence on occupation as a potential risk factor for adverse health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2020).
  • Followed 26,758 respondents aged 51 and older for up to 29 years.
  • Employed competing-risks analysis to estimate mortality risk.

Main Results:

  • Women in machine operation, food preparation, handling/support, and sales occupations had higher mortality risks.
  • Men in food preparation, machine operation, personal services, handling/support, protective services, clerical, farming/fishing, sales, and precision production occupations showed elevated mortality risks.
  • Professional and technical support occupations served as the reference group with lower mortality risks.

Conclusions:

  • Occupation is a significant risk factor for adverse health outcomes and early mortality.
  • Specific occupations are associated with differential mortality risks among older adults.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering occupational history in public health and aging research.