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Locomotion changes in methamphetamine and amphetamine withdrawal: a systematic review
Jaya Kumar1, Isa Naina Mohamed2, Rashidi Mohamed3
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
|August 1, 2024
Summary
Withdrawal from methamphetamine (METH) and amphetamine (AMPH) causes varied locomotor activity changes in animals. Some studies show increased or decreased activity, while many report no significant alterations, highlighting unique stimulant withdrawal effects.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Understanding stimulant withdrawal is crucial for developing targeted treatments.
- Methamphetamine (METH) and amphetamine (AMPH) withdrawal effects are not fully understood.
- Locomotor activity is a key indicator of stimulant withdrawal symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review animal studies on locomotor activity during METH and AMPH withdrawal.
- To identify differences in withdrawal-induced behavioral changes between METH and AMPH.
- To inform the development of substance-specific treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched four electronic databases and reviewed cited references.
- Analyzed 31 full-length articles on animal models of METH/AMPH withdrawal.
Main Results:
- Six studies reported increased horizontal activity; seven reported decreased activity.
- Eighteen studies found no significant alterations in locomotor activity (8 AMPH, 10 METH).
- Increased locomotion linked to METH withdrawal in mice; decreased to AMPH withdrawal in rats.
Conclusions:
- Animal responses to METH and AMPH withdrawal vary significantly.
- Factors like drug characteristics and animal models influence observed outcomes.
- Further research is needed for a nuanced understanding of stimulant withdrawal.
