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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Permeability and Neutrophil Transepithelial Migration in Mice using a Standardized Intestinal Loop Model
Published on: February 11, 2021
Intestinal permeability in human cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jiang-Hong Xiao1, Yu Wang1, Xi-Mei Zhang1
1Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China.
Insights
Cardiovascular diseases are linked to increased intestinal permeability. This meta-analysis confirms a damaged intestinal barrier in patients with cardiovascular diseases, suggesting potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Cardiology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- A link exists between cardiovascular diseases and intestinal permeability, but requires further clarification.
- Intestinal permeability refers to the gut barrier's ability to control the passage of substances.
- Understanding this relationship is crucial for cardiovascular disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the relationship between intestinal permeability and cardiovascular diseases.
- To conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of existing studies.
- To identify potential biomarkers for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment.
Main Methods:
- A systematic search of multidisciplinary electronic databases was performed up to April 2023.
- Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist.
- Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0, with heterogeneity assessed by the I² statistic.
Main Results:
- 13 studies involving 1,321 subjects (mostly >48 years) were included.
- Patients with cardiovascular diseases exhibited significantly higher levels of intestinal permeability markers compared to controls.
- Elevated markers included lipopolysaccharide, d-lactate, zonulin, and serum diamine oxidase.
Conclusions:
- The meta-analysis confirms intestinal barrier damage and increased intestinal permeability in cardiovascular disease patients.
- Specific intestinal permeability markers show potential for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into these markers could advance cardiovascular medicine.
Background:
There is a link between cardiovascular diseases and intestinal permeability, but it is not clear. This review aimed to elucidate intestinal permeability in cardiovascular diseases by meta-analysis.
Methods:
Multidisciplinary electronic databases were searched from the database creation to April 2023. All included studies were assessed for risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. The heterogeneity of each study was estimated using the I2 statistic, and the data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0.
Results:
In total, studies in 13 pieces of literature were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. These studies were conducted among 1,321 subjects mostly older than 48. Patients had higher levels of intestinal permeability markers (lipopolysaccharide, d-lactate, zonulin, serum diamine oxidase, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and melibiose/rhamnose) than controls (standard mean difference SMD = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.31-1.88; p < 0.00001). Similarly, lipopolysaccharide levels were higher in patients than in controls (SMD = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.02-2.21; p < 0.00001); d-lactate levels were higher in patients than in controls (SMD = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.23-2.08; p = 0.01); zonulin levels were higher in patients than in controls (SMD = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.45-2.03; p < 0.00001); serum diamine oxidase levels were higher in patients than in controls (SMD = 2.51; 95% CI = 0.29-4.73; p = 0.03).
Conclusion:
The results of the meta-analysis verified that the intestinal barrier was damaged and intestinal permeability was increased in patients with cardiovascular diseases. These markers may become a means of the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Systematic Review Registration:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=414296, identifier CRD42023414296.
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