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Preventing Surgeon Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Pilot Study of the Comprehensive Operating Room

Pamela Hess¹, Dimitrios Athanasiadis², Nicole Kissane Lee³

¹Pamela Hess, OTD, OTR, PMH-C, NCPT, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville. At the time of this research, Hess was Clinical Assistant Professor and Academic Fieldwork Coordinator, School of Health and Human Science, Indiana University-Indianapolis; pchess@phhp.ufl.edu.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association

|August 1, 2024

Summary

The Comprehensive Operating Room Ergonomics (CORE) program significantly reduced work-related musculoskeletal disorder risk in surgeons. This occupational therapy intervention improved surgeon wellness and OR performance.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Ergonomics
Surgical Safety

Background:

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are increasingly prevalent among surgeons, impacting their health and job continuity.
Existing interventions often lack a holistic approach addressing biomechanical, psychophysical, and psychosocial factors.
A growing surgeon shortage is partly attributed to these WMSDs.

Purpose of the Study:

To design, implement, and evaluate the Comprehensive Operating Room Ergonomics (CORE) program.
To provide an evidence-based, occupational therapy-oriented ergonomics and wellness intervention for surgeons.
To address biomechanical, psychophysical, and psychosocial risk factors associated with WMSDs in surgeons.

Main Methods:

A mixed-methods pilot study was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital.
Six laparoscopic surgeons participated in the CORE program.
Outcomes were assessed using qualitative and quantitative data, including Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores and thematic analysis of surgeon feedback.

Main Results:

A statistically significant reduction in RULA scores (indicating decreased WMSD risk) was observed post-intervention (F(1, 6) = 8.57, p = .03).
Thematic analysis of surgeon feedback revealed positive themes related to postural alignment, pain reduction, OR setup, and ergonomics training.
The CORE program demonstrated effectiveness in improving surgeons' ergonomic performance and sense of wellness.

Conclusions:

The CORE program effectively mitigated ergonomic risk factors, optimizing surgeons' occupational performance.
This study highlights the potential for occupational therapists to holistically support surgeons in preventing WMSDs.
The CORE program offers a framework for improving healthcare providers' work conditions and enhancing population health, aligning with AOTA's Vision 2025.