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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Colombia Medica: A decade of transformation and growth.

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Mucormycosis: A sweet enemy, case series

Santiago Manrique-Castaño1, Luis Armando Velásquez-Trujillo1, Mariana Ángel Correa2

  • 1Departamento de Medicina Interna, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional De Salud
|August 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection, affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis and treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and surgery are crucial for better outcomes.

Keywords:
mucormycosisdiabetes mellitusimmunocompromised hostmicrobiologymycology

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Mucormycosis is a rare, life-threatening fungal infection caused by Mucorales fungi.
  • It primarily affects immunocompromised individuals or those with compromised skin/mucosal barriers.
  • Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a severe form affecting the sinuses and brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report four cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in Cali, Colombia.
  • To highlight the association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control.
  • To discuss diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of this rare infection.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of four patients with rhinocerebral mucormycosis over three years.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by direct visualization of fungal hyphae in biopsies.
  • Assessment of patient history, comorbidities (especially diabetes), and treatment response.

Main Results:

  • All four patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus with high glycated hemoglobin (>10%).
  • Treatment involved liposomal amphotericin B and surgical debridement.
  • Outcomes varied: one patient died, one left treatment, and two showed adequate recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Uncontrolled diabetes is a significant risk factor for rhinocerebral mucormycosis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment (antifungal therapy and surgery) are vital.
  • Effective management requires addressing underlying conditions and potential coinfections.