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Synchronous cemento-ossifying fibromas: a systematic review.

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Synchronous cemento-ossifying fibromas (COF) are rare, predominantly affecting females in their 30s. The most frequent presentation involves simultaneous occurrence in both the mandible and maxilla.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
  • Dental Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • This systematic review synthesizes data on synchronous cemento-ossifying fibromas (COF), rare tumors presenting simultaneously.
  • It analyzes the demographic and clinicopathological features of these synchronous COF cases.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, LILACS) adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Case reports and series of synchronous COF were included, supplemented by manual searches and grey literature assessment.
  • Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to summarize findings.

Key Points:

  • Twenty synchronous COF cases from 19 studies were analyzed, with a mean age at diagnosis of 35 years.
  • A female predilection (60%) was observed, and 65% of cases involved simultaneous mandibular and maxillary lesions.
  • First-degree relatives had COF in 10% of cases, and differential diagnoses included florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and ameloblastic fibroodontoma.

Conclusions:

  • Synchronous cemento-ossifying fibromas (COF) are uncommon, with a higher incidence in females during their third decade of life.
  • The most characteristic clinical presentation is bilateral involvement of the mandible and maxilla.
  • Surgical enucleation/excision was the primary treatment, with recurrence noted in 30% of follow-up cases.