Formation and kinetic analysis of AGEs in Pacific white shrimp during frying

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are complex and heterogeneous compounds closely associated with various chronic diseases. The changes in N^ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML), N^ε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL), N^ε-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1), and fluorescent AGEs (F-AGEs) in fried shrimp during frying (170 °C, 0-210 s) were described by kinetic models. Besides,the correlations between AGEs contents and physicochemical indicators were analyzed to reveal their intrinsic relationship. Results showed that the changes of four AGEs contents followed the zero-order kinetic, and their rate constants were ranked as k_CML < k_CEL ≈ k_MG-H1 < k_F-AGEs. Oil content and lipid oxidation were critical factors that affected the AGEs levels of the surface layer. Protein content and Maillard reaction were major factors in enhancing the CML and CEL levels of the interior layer. Furthermore, the impact of temperature on the generation of CML and CEL was greater than that of MG-H1 and F-AGEs.