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Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Multi-objective double layer water optimal allocation and scheduling framework combing the integrated surface water -

Zhehao Li1, Yimin Wang1, Jianxia Chang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.

Water Research
|August 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Balancing water for agriculture and ecosystems is vital for inland river basins. This study developed a framework to optimize water allocation, ensuring forest growth and meeting agricultural needs by regulating phreatic water table depth (PWTD).

Keywords:
Double layer optimal frameworkIntegrated surface water-groundwater modelMulti-objectivePhreatic water table depthTarim river basin

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Area of Science:

  • Hydrology and Water Resources Management
  • Ecosystem Sustainability
  • Agricultural Water Science

Background:

  • Sustainable development in inland river basins hinges on balancing agricultural and ecological water demands.
  • Desert riparian forest growth is critically dependent on maintaining a specific phreatic water table depth (PWTD).
  • Existing water allocation strategies often struggle to meet both agricultural needs and ecological requirements in arid regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a novel framework for optimal water resource allocation and scheduling in inland river basins.
  • To regulate phreatic water table depth (PWTD) to support desert riparian forest growth while satisfying agricultural water demand.
  • To investigate the coupled operation of surface water and groundwater resources for enhanced water management.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a multi-objective, double-layer optimal allocation and scheduling framework.
  • Utilization of the integrated surface water-groundwater model (ISGWM) for simulating hydrological processes and PWTD changes.
  • Application of the framework to the mainstream of the Tarim River Basin (TRB).

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework effectively regulated PWTD, ensuring high proportions (90.91%-98.18%) of healthy riparian forest growth across different inflow frequencies.
  • Agricultural water shortage rates varied from 0% to 19.94% depending on inflow frequencies, highlighting challenges from non-uniform intra-annual inflow.
  • Groundwater exploitation for agriculture is feasible but must be controlled to prevent excessive increases in PWTD (difference <1 m).

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework offers a new approach for allocating and scheduling agricultural and ecological water resources in arid inland basins.
  • Regulating PWTD based on ecological water supply is a viable strategy for sustainable water management.
  • The study provides a new method for the cooperative management of surface water and groundwater resources.