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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
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Association between dietary patterns and obesity: a longitudinal prospective cohort study.

L-J Tan1, S-J Oh1, B Nasan-Ulzii1

  • 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea.

Public Health
|August 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A Korean diet rich in multigrain rice, kimchi, and dairy products may lower obesity risk. These findings support public health initiatives for weight management in aging populations.

Keywords:
Cluster pattern analysisDietary patternObesityTraditional fermented vegetables

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • South Korea's obesity prevalence was 38.4% in 2021.
  • The nation faces unique weight management challenges due to its aging society.
  • Understanding dietary patterns is crucial for effective obesity prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify daily dietary patterns in the general Korean population.
  • To investigate the association between these dietary patterns and obesity.
  • To inform public health guidelines for weight management.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal prospective cohort study of 6,539 Korean adults (aged 40+) was conducted.
  • Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire.
  • Dietary patterns were analyzed using k-means cluster analysis over an 11-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Consuming multigrain rice with kimchi was associated with a lower risk of obesity (waist circumference and body fat percentage).
  • Dairy product consumption was linked to reduced incidence of obesity defined by BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio.
  • These associations were observed after adjusting for confounding factors in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • A diet incorporating multigrain rice, fermented kimchi, and dairy products is associated with decreased obesity risk in Korean adults.
  • Public health policies should consider these dietary recommendations for obesity prevention across all age groups.
  • Further research into synergistic food effects within dietary patterns is warranted.