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Mitral Valve Repair in a 15-Month-Old Child With Kingella kingae Endocarditis

Matthew D McGee1, Sunni A Coyne1, Renish N Contractor2

  • 1Pediatrics, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA.

Cureus
|August 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Kingella kingae endocarditis is rare but serious in children. Early diagnosis via blood cultures and imaging is crucial for prompt treatment and preventing complications.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Kingella kingae is a HACEK organism commonly found in the oropharynx.
  • While rare, Kingella kingae can cause infective endocarditis, particularly in young children.
  • This case highlights a previously healthy 15-month-old male with Kingella kingae endocarditis.

Observation:

  • The patient initially presented with symptoms mimicking an upper respiratory infection.
  • Blood cultures, drawn at 60 hours, confirmed the presence of Kingella kingae.
  • Echocardiogram and brain MRI revealed mitral valve vegetation and septic emboli.

Findings:

  • Kingella kingae endocarditis can present insidiously with non-specific respiratory symptoms.
  • Delayed blood culture identification is possible, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
  • Multiorgan involvement, including cerebral septic emboli, can occur.

Implications:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of Kingella kingae endocarditis are vital for favorable outcomes in pediatric patients.
  • Noninvasive imaging like ultrasound may aid in ruling out atypical pathologies in children with respiratory symptoms.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare bacterial causes of endocarditis in pediatric febrile illnesses.

Keywords:
endocarditiskingella kingaemitral regurgitationpediatricseptic emboli

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