Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug-Receptor Bonds01:25

Drug-Receptor Bonds

4.8K
Drug-receptor bonds are formed through various chemical forces when drugs interact with target cells. Covalent bonds, strong and irreversible, are exemplified by DNA-alkylating anticancer agents that inhibit cell division. However, such irreversible drug binding lacks selectivity and can modify the DNA of the surrounding healthy cells. Covalent binding often contributes to tissue toxicity, as seen with chloroform and paracetamol metabolites binding to the liver, causing hepatotoxicity.
In...
4.8K
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

1.9K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.9K
Drug-Receptor Interaction: Antagonist01:28

Drug-Receptor Interaction: Antagonist

4.9K
An antagonist is a drug that binds strongly to a receptor without activating it. An antagonist prevents other molecules, such as neurotransmitters or hormones, from binding to the receptor and triggering a cellular response. Such interaction effectively hinders the normal physiological processes mediated by the receptor, resulting in various pharmacological effects depending on the specific receptor targeted.
Antagonists can be classified as competitive or noncompetitive based on their...
4.9K
Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis01:29

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

2.5K
Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...
2.5K
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

1.6K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.6K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

1.7K
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Use of oral glutamine in radiation-induced adverse effects in patients with thoracic and upper aerodigestive malignancies: Results of a prospective observational study.

Oncology letters·2021
Same author

Epione application: An integrated web‑toolkit of clinical genomics and personalized medicine in systemic lupus erythematosus.

International journal of molecular medicine·2021
Same author

Contributing factors common to COVID‑19 and gastrointestinal cancer.

Oncology reports·2021
Same author

Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in an unvaccinated 97-year-old woman: A case report.

Biomedical reports·2021
Same author

Exacerbation of bronchiectasis by <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> complicating COVID-19 disease: A case report.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine·2021
Same author

Real-life Cretan asthma registry focused on severe asthma: On behalf of 'The Cretan registry of the use of Biologics in Severe Asthma'.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
08:47

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Published on: February 10, 2012

13.5K

Exploring the association between melatonin and nicotine dependence (Review).

Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou1, Pagona Sklapani2, Nikolaos Trakas2

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine
|August 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Melatonin may help reduce nicotine dependence and cravings by influencing brain pathways and offering antioxidant benefits. Further research is needed to optimize melatonin-based therapies for smoking cessation.

Keywords:
addictioncircadian rhythmsmelatoninnicotine dependencesmoking

More Related Videos

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices
10:04

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: October 29, 2012

19.2K
Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

23.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
08:47

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Published on: February 10, 2012

13.5K
Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices
10:04

Local Application of Drugs to Study Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: October 29, 2012

19.2K
Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

23.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nicotine dependence is a global health issue linked to severe medical conditions.
  • Melatonin, the 'hormone of darkness', influences circadian rhythms and addiction behaviors.
  • Melatonin receptors in the brain impact neurotransmission and may reduce nicotine seeking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential therapeutic role of melatonin in nicotine addiction and smoking cessation.
  • To investigate melatonin's influence on neurotransmitter systems and its antioxidant properties in mitigating nicotine-related damage.
  • To examine chronotherapeutic approaches involving melatonin for smoking cessation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on melatonin's effects on neurotransmitter systems (dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, opioid).
  • Analysis of melatonin's antioxidant properties against nicotine-induced oxidative stress.
  • Exploration of chronotherapeutic strategies involving melatonin for addiction and withdrawal symptom management.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin may attenuate nicotine-seeking behavior and reduce drug-induced hyperactivity.
  • Antioxidant effects of melatonin may protect against cellular damage from nicotine.
  • Melatonin influences sleep, mood, and neuroprotection, potentially aiding in psychiatric conditions linked to addiction.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin shows promise as a therapeutic agent for nicotine addiction and smoking cessation.
  • Further research is essential to clarify molecular mechanisms, optimize dosing, and identify biomarkers for personalized treatment.
  • Understanding melatonin's role could lead to improved smoking cessation outcomes.