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Subcellular expression of CD30 in cutaneous mastocytosis-An important factor for targeted treatment
Christina Mitteldorf1, Aleksandra Kulberg2, Michael Tronnier2
1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Background:
The subcellular distribution of CD30 on mast cells and the presence of eosinophils in cutaneous mastocytosis require further investigation, especially as the cell surface expression of CD30 is critical for the therapeutic response of systemic mastocytosis to brentuximab vedotin.
Objective:
Investigation of 147 biopsy specimens from 143 patients with cutaneous mastocytosis for mast cell density and distribution, frequency of CD30 expression, CD30 staining patterns, and presence and distribution of eosinophils. Correlation with clinical patterns.
Methods:
Retrospective multicenter immunohistochemical study of CD30 expression, eosinophils and basic clinical data in cutaneous mastocytosis.
Results:
CD30 expression was found in all samples (cut-off: ≥1%), whereby the staining was predominantly cytoplasmic in 99% of the samples. Additional membrane staining was detected in 62% of the samples. Surface expression of CD30 was more common in biopsy specimens with a high mast cell burden and in biopsy specimens with a higher CD30 expression rate. Eosinophils were admixed in 58% of the samples. Females and older patients showed a trend of a lower mast cell burden.
Limitations:
Retrospective study on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue without functional analysis.
Conclusion:
Most cases of cutaneous mastocytosis show cell surface expression of CD30 expression and is, therefore, in principle, accessible for therapy with antibodies against CD30, provided the overall situation of the patient warrants.
Insights
Cutaneous mastocytosis often shows CD30 on the cell surface, making it a potential target for CD30 antibody therapies like brentuximab vedotin. Eosinophils are also frequently present in these skin lesions.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Mast Cell Disorders
Background:
- Subcellular CD30 distribution on mast cells and eosinophil presence in cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) need clarification.
- Cell surface CD30 expression is crucial for therapeutic response to brentuximab vedotin in systemic mastocytosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate mast cell density, distribution, CD30 expression patterns, and eosinophil presence in CM.
- Correlate these findings with clinical patterns.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective multicenter immunohistochemical study.
- Analysis of 147 biopsy specimens from 143 CM patients.
- Evaluation of CD30 expression, eosinophils, and clinical data.
Main Results:
- CD30 expression (≥1%) detected in all samples, predominantly cytoplasmic (99%) with membrane staining in 62%.
- Surface CD30 expression correlated with higher mast cell burden and expression rate.
- Eosinophils were present in 58% of samples; females and older patients trended towards lower mast cell burden.
Conclusions:
- Most CM cases exhibit cell surface CD30 expression, indicating potential accessibility to CD30-targeted antibody therapy.
- Study limitations include retrospective design and lack of functional analysis.
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