Exploring industrial lignocellulosic waste: Sources, types, and potential as high-value molecules

Area of Science:

• Green Chemistry
• Circular Bioeconomy
• Biomass Valorization

Background:

• Lignocellulosic biomass, including food and agricultural waste, represents a significant portion of industrial waste.
• It holds substantial potential as a secondary raw material for various industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review industrial lignocellulosic waste sources, their composition, and quantities.
• To detail high added-value chemicals derived from lignocellulosic waste and their applications.
• To present various transformation treatments and discuss future perspectives.

Main Methods:

• Review of industrial lignocellulosic waste streams.
• Analysis of chemical compounds obtainable from lignocellulosic waste.
• Evaluation of physical, chemical, and biological transformation methods.

Main Results:

• Identification of diverse lignocellulosic waste sources and their characteristics.
• Cataloging of valuable chemicals like polyphenols, enzymes, bioplastic precursors, and biofuels.
• Overview of physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods for biomass conversion.

Conclusions:

• Lignocellulosic waste is a promising resource for green chemistry and a circular bioeconomy.
• Cost-effective transformation methods are crucial for widespread adoption and competitiveness with petroleum-based products.