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Biological markers of high risk of thrombotic recurrence in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A literature review

  • 0Service d'Immunologie, Biogénopôle, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.
Autoimmunity Reviews +

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August 2, 2024

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August 2, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying biological markers for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) recurrence risk is crucial. Novel markers like N-glycosylation, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and anti-LBPA antibodies show promise for predicting thrombotic events.

Area Of Science

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Rheumatology

Background

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent thrombotic and obstetric events.
  • Accurate risk stratification for APS patients is essential for effective management and prevention of adverse outcomes.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To identify established and novel biological markers associated with the risk of recurrent thrombotic and/or obstetric events in patients with APS.
  • To explore the prognostic utility of these markers for risk stratification in APS.

Main Methods

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies published in the last twenty years.
  • PubMed search utilizing keywords related to thrombotic risk, recurrence, risk stratification, severity, and predictive value in APS.

Main Results

  • Multiple antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) positivity is linked to increased thrombotic risk.
  • N-glycosylation patterns of aPL (low sialylation, fucosylation, galactosylation) correlate with increased pro-inflammatory activity and thrombosis.
  • Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and anti-NETs antibodies show prognostic utility.
  • Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity is a potential biomarker for thrombotic risk.
  • Antibodies against lysobisphosphatidic acid (aLBPA) may identify high-risk APS patients.

Conclusions

  • The immunological profile of aPL, including N-glycosylation, offers prognostic insights.
  • Quantification of NETs and anti-NETs, along with oxidative stress biomarkers like PON1, are valuable for assessing APS severity and risk.
  • The discovery of aLBPA presents a novel avenue for identifying APS patients at high risk of thrombotic recurrence.

Keywords:

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