The prognostic value of the MAGGIC risk score in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the sudden blockage of the pulmonary arteries. Although the MAGGIC risk score has emerged as a valuable tool in predicting outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure, it has also been demonstrated and identified as a prognostic model in various cardiac diseases other than heart failure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between MAGGIC score and adverse outcomes in patients with PE.

A total of 302 consecutive patients diagnosed with acute PE were retrospectively included in the present study. For each patient, the MAGGIC score was calculated. The study population was divided into two groups according to the median value of MAGGIC score.

Patients with high MAGGIC score had a significantly higher proportion of elderly and female individuals, lower BMI, higher presence of CAD, DM, AFib, HF, HT, CKD, COPD, and ACEI/ARB and NOAC usage. Logistic regression analyses was carried out using univariate and multivariate analysis to predict the in-hospital and 30-day mortality predictors in the included PE patients. For in-hospital mortality, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, RV dilatation, and the MAGGIC score (HR: 1.166, 95% CI 1.077-1.263, p < 0.001) and for short-term mortality, sPESI and the MAGGIC score (HR: 1.925, 95% CI 1.243-2.983, p:0.003) were found to be independent predictors for adverse outcomes in patients with acute PE.

Our study demonstrates that the MAGGIC score can be applied as a valuable prognostic tool for acute pulmonary embolism.