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Quantum advantage and stability to errors in analogue quantum simulators
Rahul Trivedi1,2,3, Adrian Franco Rubio4,5, J Ignacio Cirac6,7
1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany. rahul.trivedi@mpq.mpg.de.
Nature Communications
|August 2, 2024
Summary
Noisy quantum simulators can offer an advantage for complex many-body problems. This study proves stability in certain quantum systems, showing potential for quantum advantage even with errors and without full error correction.
Area of Science:
- Quantum computing
- Condensed matter physics
- Computational physics
Background:
- Quantum hardware can function as analogue quantum simulators for many-body problems.
- Errors in these systems raise questions about their advantage over classical computers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the potential of noisy analogue quantum simulators for quantum advantage.
- To analyze the stability of these systems against errors in equilibrium and dynamic scenarios.
Main Methods:
- Formulated a system-size independent notion of stability against extensive errors.
- Proved stability for Gaussian fermion models and a restricted class of spin systems.
- Analyzed the implications of stability for achieving quantum advantage.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated stability for Gaussian fermion models, including critical models with long-range correlations.
- Showed that stability can lead to a quantum advantage for computing thermodynamic limits.
- This advantage is achievable with a constant error rate and without explicit error correction.
Conclusions:
- Noisy analogue quantum simulators can provide a quantum advantage for specific many-body problems.
- The demonstrated stability is key to overcoming limitations posed by errors.
- This research advances the understanding of practical quantum computation with current hardware.
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