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Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...

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Gender Determination Through Mandibular Features on Orthopantomograms: A Preliminary Study.

Abirami Arthanari¹, Vignesh Ravindran², Karthikeyan Ramalingam³

¹Department of Forensic Odontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.

|August 5, 2024

Summary

Forensic identification of gender is possible using mandibular measurements from panoramic radiographs. This study found key mandibular parameters accurately determine sex with 90% accuracy.

Keywords:

condylar ramus height coronoid ramus height forensic identification forensic odontology gender analysis mandibular parameters maximum ramus breadth minimum ramus breadth projective ramus height sex determination

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Area of Science:

Forensic anthropology
Radiology
Human anatomy

Background:

Determining gender from skeletal remains is crucial in forensic science, especially with fragmented remains.
The mandible offers distinct features for gender identification when the entire skull is unavailable.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine gender using specific mandibular parameters.
To evaluate the effectiveness of these parameters in distinguishing between males and females.
To establish a reliable method for gender identification from mandibular measurements.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 100 panoramic radiographs (50 male, 50 female, aged 20-30).
Measured five mandibular parameters: coronoid ramus height, condylar ramus height, projective ramus, minimum ramus breadth, and maximum ramus breadth.
Utilized statistical analyses including ANOVA, multiple regression, and discriminant analysis.

Main Results:

All five analyzed mandibular parameters showed sexual dimorphism.
A novel formula for gender determination was developed.
The study achieved a 90% accuracy rate in sex determination using panoramic radiography.

Conclusions:

Panoramic radiography is a valuable tool for sex determination in forensic investigations.
Mandibular parameters exhibit significant sexual dimorphism, proving reliable for gender identification.
Coronoid ramus height, projective ramus, and maximum ramus breadth were particularly significant in this study.