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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Keratoconus and inflammatory bowel disease: mendelian randomization.

Yiheng Jin1, Yuanfeng Wang1, Xu Qiu1

  • 1School of Public Health, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Frontiers in Genetics
|August 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) may causally contribute to the development of keratoconus, a corneal condition. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms linking these inflammatory diseases to eye health.

Keywords:
IBDUCinflammatorykeratoconusmendelian randomization (MR)

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Keratoconus is a corneal disorder of unknown cause.
  • Inflammation is implicated in keratoconus development.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic systemic inflammatory condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between IBD, UC, and keratoconus using Mendelian randomization.

Main Methods:

  • Mendelian randomization analysis was employed.
  • Instrumental variables for IBD and UC were selected.
  • Inverse variance weighted method and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • A significant causal link was found between IBD and keratoconus (P=0.017, OR=1.21).
  • A significant causal link was also observed between UC and keratoconus (P=0.038, OR=1.25).

Conclusions:

  • IBD may play a causal role in keratoconus development.
  • The precise mechanisms require further investigation.